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陽(yáng)光高考門(mén)戶整理：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)-高考
英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定形式：sb have/has been doing sth
否定形式：sb have/has not been doing sth
一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has sb been doing sth?
特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句
2. 用法
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)多用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如live, learn, lie, stay, sit, wait, stand, rest, study等，并常和all the time(一直)，this week, this month, all the morning, recently等狀語(yǔ)以及since和for所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句或短語(yǔ)連用（since和for連用時(shí)，動(dòng)作常會(huì)繼續(xù)下去）。
① 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去
例：I have been learning English since three years ago. (動(dòng)作可能會(huì)持續(xù)下去)
② 表示在說(shuō)話時(shí)刻之前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作
We have been waiting for you for half an hour. (動(dòng)作不再繼續(xù)下去了)
3. 注意：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重于動(dòng)作尚未完成和仍在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作。
例：I have read his latest book. 我已經(jīng)讀過(guò)他的新書(shū)。(動(dòng)作已完成)
I have been reading his latest book. 我一直在讀他的新書(shū)。(動(dòng)作未完成)
She has stayed in Beijing for six weeks. 她已在北京呆了六周。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已完成)
She has been staying in Beijing for six weeks. 她在北京呆了有六周了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)
說(shuō)的很抽象是不是，在此給一個(gè)秘籍，綜合這幾年的考題，如果選項(xiàng)中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，則可以優(yōu)先考慮現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（通常正常選項(xiàng)為這個(gè)）而如果選項(xiàng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為表示頻率的詞，例如：once、twice、xxx times，除外
32. She _____ with the symphony orchestra three times this season.
A. played
B. has played
C. has been playing
D. is playing
這道題你選什么呢？
答案：C
練一練
1. 觀察下列例句，將序號(hào)填入對(duì)應(yīng)用法之后的空白欄中
⑴I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990
⑵I hope we'll have got the instructions (說(shuō)明書(shū)) ready before you come tomorrow.
⑶We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to.
⑷I had no sooner returned than he called.
⑸I have been waiting an hour and he still hasn't turned up.
⑹I have cleaned the house. It’s tidy now.
⑺I have watched him several times.
⑻It is the first time that I have visited the Beijing Zoo.
⑼I am very tired. I have been working all morning.
⑽We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks.
⑾This is the most terrible movie that I have ever watched.
時(shí)態(tài)
用法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
“過(guò)發(fā)現(xiàn)影”：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，常與already，just，yet等連用
“過(guò)發(fā)持續(xù)”：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與so far, until now, “for+時(shí)間段”，“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用”
固定句型：
This/It is the first/second/last time that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
This/It is the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”：表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，常與“by+過(guò)去時(shí)間”或“by the time+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句”連用
表示原本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等
用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中
將來(lái)完成時(shí)
表示在將來(lái)的一個(gè)特定時(shí)刻將成為過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或該時(shí)刻剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，常與也可與“by+將來(lái)時(shí)間”或“by the time+現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句”連用
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時(shí)間段”或者“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用”
2. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. ---Jack, do you know anything about Doctor Brown?
---I ______ to him for years. I don’t see how anyone else could do better.
A. went
B. will go
C. had gone
D. have been going
2. --- Why do you want to apply for the position as a history teacher?
--- This is the job that I ______.
A. looked for
B. had looked for
C. will look for
D. have been looking for
3.--- This is the most exciting movie I have ever watched.
--- Where did you get that DVD? I ______ to find it since last summer.
A. was trying
B. tried
C. had tried
D. have been trying
4. Since he left our school last August, Mr. Newman ______ on a photography exhibition.
A. worked
B. is working
C. had worked
D. has been working
5. --- Several hotels in this area are closing down．
--- That's because tourism itself ____ since last year．
A. is declining
B. declined
C. had declined
D. has been declining
6. --- I for more than 30 years! I'm going to retire soon．
--- Really? You don’t look a day over 40．
A. worked
B. have been working
C. had worked
D. am working
7. --- Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?
--- No, but we to get in touch with them ever since
A. have tried
B. had tried
C. have been trying
D. had been trying
8. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
A. has told
B. is telling
C. has been telling
D. will have told
9. --- How long ___ like this?
--- Three weeks! It's usual here that rain ___ without stopping these days of the year．
A. has it rained; pours
B. is it raining; is pouring
C. has it been raining; pours
D. does it rain; pours
10. We ______ for over 2 hours．Are you sure this is the right way?
A. have been driving
B. were driving
C. had driven
D. drove
3. 翻譯練習(xí)
①到下個(gè)月末，我們將會(huì)完成所有的工程。
②她很累，因?yàn)樗徽於荚诖蜃帧?/div>
③你去哪了？我們一直在找你。
④她肯定很累，因?yàn)樗徽於荚谔琛?/div>
⑤電話一直響個(gè)不停。
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時(shí)態(tài)
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用法
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現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
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“過(guò)發(fā)現(xiàn)影”：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，常與already，just，yet等連用
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⑹⑺
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“過(guò)發(fā)持續(xù)”：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與so far, until now, “for+時(shí)間段”，“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用”
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⑽
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固定句型：
This/It is the first/second/last time that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
This/It is the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
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⑻⑾
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過(guò)去完成時(shí)
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“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”：表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，常與“by+過(guò)去時(shí)間”或“by the time+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句”連用
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⑴
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表示原本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等
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⑶
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用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中
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⑷
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將來(lái)完成時(shí)
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表示在將來(lái)的一個(gè)特定時(shí)刻將成為過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或該時(shí)刻剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，常與也可與“by+將來(lái)時(shí)間”或“by the time+現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句”連用
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⑵
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現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
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表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去,常與“for+時(shí)間段”或者“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用”
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⑸
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練習(xí)2：Key:1-5 DDDDD 6-10 BCCCA
練習(xí)3：
1. I will have finished all the project by the end of next month.
2. She is tired, because she has been typing all day.
3. Where have you been? We have been looking for you all the time.
4. She must be tired, because she has been dancing for all day.
5.The phone has been ringing all the time.
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